Campylobacteriosis is the disease caused by the infection with campylobacter bacterium, most commonly C. jejuni. Campylobacter is one of the most common bacterial and foodborne diseases that cause diarrheal illnesses, and dysentery syndrome including pain, cramps, and fever. |
SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS
Vomiting
Headache
Myalgia
Abdominal pain and cramps
Diarrhea
Dysentery
Cramps
Fever
Acute appendicitis, peptic ulcer disease, and helicobacter pylori
are most of the diseases showing similar symptoms. People suffering from Campylobacteriosis
often experience sepsis, dehydration, and toxic megacolon. Symptoms usually begin
within 2 to 5 days after exposure to the organs and can last up to 1 week.
TRANSMISSION
The main route of transmission is foodborne, through undercooked
meat as well as contaminated or raw milk. Campylobacter can also be transmitted
through person-to-person sexual contact, fecal-to-oral, and contact with contaminated
poultry or pets.
CAUSE
Campylobacteriosis is caused by either curved, spiral motile,
gram-negative, or non-spore-forming types of campylobacter bacteria. Animal waste
can get into streams, contaminate the water and spread bacteria to fruits and vegetables
which when not properly washed cause campylobacter infection.
DIAGNOSIS
Campylobacteriosis can be diagnosed using stool samples or blood
tests.
TREATMENT
In humans, Campylobacteriosis can be treated by the administration
of antibiotics such as:
Erythromycin
Tetracycline
Quinolones
Loperamide
Ampicillin
In animals, the infection can be treated by mass administration of
sarafloxacin and enrofloxacin.
PREVENTION
Pasteurization of dairy products.
Food should be well cooked.
Boil or disinfect water before drinking if you suspect that the
water isn’t safe.
Avoid contact with pet saliva.
If you want to eat fruits and vegetables raw, ensure you wash them thoroughly.
Wash hands frequently and thoroughly, especially after using the
toilet.
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